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Ferritic stainless steel
Stainless steel mainly composed of ferrite in use. The chromium content is 11%~30%, and it has a body-centered cubic crystal structure. This type of steel generally does not contain nickel, and sometimes contains a small amount of elements such as Mo, Ti, Nb, etc. This type of steel has the characteristics of large thermal conductivity, small expansion coefficient, good oxidation resistance, and excellent stress corrosion resistance. , water vapor, water and oxidizing acid corrosion parts. This type of steel has the disadvantages of poor plasticity, significantly reduced post-weld plasticity and corrosion resistance, which limits its application. The application of out-of-furnace refining technology (AOD or VOD) can greatly reduce interstitial elements such as carbon and nitrogen, so this type of steel is widely used.
Martensitic stainless steel
Stainless steel whose mechanical properties can be adjusted by heat treatment, in layman's terms, is a type of hardenable stainless steel. Typical grades are Cr13 type, such as 2Cr13, 3Cr13, 4Cr13 and so on. Hardness is higher after quenching, and different tempering temperatures have different combinations of strength and toughness. It is mainly used for steam turbine blades, tableware, and surgical instruments. According to the difference in chemical composition, martensitic stainless steel can be divided into two types: martensitic chromium steel and martensitic chromium-nickel steel. According to the structure and strengthening mechanism, it can also be divided into martensitic stainless steel, martensitic and semi-austenitic (or semi-martensitic) precipitation hardening stainless steel and maraging stainless steel.
